1984. What is law? (CCC 1951) Law is a rule of conduct enacted by competent authority for the sake of the common good.

1985. What rational order does the moral law presuppose? (CCC 1951) The moral law presupposes the rational order, established by the Creator among creatures for their good and to serve their final end.

1986. By whom is the law declared and established? (CCC 1951) The law is declared and established by reason as a participation in divine providence.

1987. Where does the moral law find expression? (CCC 1952) The moral law finds expression in:
1. the eternal law
2. the natural law
3. the revealed law
4. the civil law
5. the ecclesiastical law.

1988. What is the eternal law? (CCC 1952) The eternal law is the divine source of all law.

1989. What does the revealed law comprise? (CCC 1952) The revealed law comprises the Old Law and the New Law.

1990. Who is the end and goal of the law according to Rom 10? (CCC 1953) According to Rom 10 Christ is the end and goal of the law.
Rom 10:4: For Christ is the end of the law unto righteousness for everyone who believes.

1991. What is the natural moral law? (CCC 1954) The natural moral law is human reason ordaining man to do good and to avoid evil.
The “natural moral law” is usually called the “natural law”.

1992. Why does the moral command of human reason have the force of law? (CCC 1954) The moral command of human reason has the force of law, because it is the voice and interpreter of a higher reason to which our spirit and our freedom must be submitted.

1993. What precepts does the natural law state? (CCC 1955) The natural law states the first and essential precepts which govern the moral life.
These precepts command to do good and to avoid evil.

1994. Where are the principal precepts of the natural law stated? (CCC 1955) The principal precepts of the natural law are stated in the Decalogue.

1995. Why is the natural law called ‘natural’? (CCC 1955) The natural law is called ‘natural’, because reason which decrees it properly belongs to human nature.
Natural law is not called ‘natural’ in reference to the nature of irrational beings.

1996. How does St Thomas Aquinas define the natural law? (CCC 1955) St Thomas Aquinas († 1274) defines the natural law as the light of understanding placed in us by God at the creation through which we know what we must do and what we must avoid.

1997. To whom does the natural law extend? (CCC 1956) The natural law extends to all men, because it is universal.

1998. Why does natural law not change according to places, times and circumstances? (CCC 1958) Natural law does not change according to places, times and circumstances, because it is immutable and permanent.

1999. For which systems of rules is natural law the foundation? (CCC 1959) Natural law is the foundation for:
1. the moral rules to guide human choices
2. the law for building the human community
3. the civil law.

2000. What does the sinner need so as to adequately perceive the precepts of natural law? (CCC 1960) The sinner needs grace and revelation so as to adequately perceive the precepts of natural law.

2001. What is the Old Law? (CCC 1961) The Old Law are the divine commands contained in the Old Testament.

2002. Where are the moral prescriptions of the Old Law summed up? (CCC 1962) The moral prescriptions of the Old Law are summed up in the Ten Commandments (Decalogue).

2003. Why is the Law of Moses holy, spiritual and good but still imperfect? (CCC 1963) The Law of Moses is holy, spiritual and good but still imperfect, because it shows what must be done, but does not of itself give the strength (grace) to fulfil it.

2004. Why is the Law of Moses a law of bondage? (CCC 1963) The Law of Moses is a law of bondage because of sin, which it cannot remove.

2005. What is the special function of the Law of Moses according to St Paul? (CCC 1963) According to St Paul, the special function of the Law of Moses is to denounce and disclose sin.

2006. Why is the Law of Moses a step on the way to the Kingdom of God? (CCC 1963) The Law of Moses is a step on the way to the Kingdom of God because it prepares and disposes the chosen people and each Christian for conversion and faith in the Saviour God.

2007. Why is the Law of Moses a preparation for the Gospel? (CCC 1964) The Law of Moses is a preparation for the Gospel, because:
1. it prophesies the time when Christ will bring full liberation from sin
2. it provides the New Testament with symbols for expressing the life of grace.

2008. By which writings is the Law of Moses completed? (CCC 1964) The Law of Moses is completed by the sapiential books and the prophets.

2009. What is the New Law? (CCC 1965-1968) The New Law is:
1. the grace of the Holy Spirit received in Baptism
2. the law expressed in the Gospels especially in the Sermon on the Mount (Mt 5-7).

2010. Where in the Bible is the New Law particularly expressed? (CCC 1965) The New Law is particularly expressed in the Sermon on the Mount (Mt 5-7).

2011. How does the New Law become the interior law of charity? (CCC 1965) Through the Holy Spirit poured in our hearts the New Law becomes the interior law of charity.
Jer 31: “I will put my laws into their minds and write them on their hearts.”

2012. Why does the New Law use the Sermon on the Mount? (CCC 1966) The New Law uses the Sermon on the Mount (Mt 5-7), in order to teach the faithful what must be done.

2013. How does the New Law fulfil the Old Law? (CCC 1967) The New Law fulfils the Old Law by refining, surpassing and leading it to its perfection.

2014. How does the New Law practice the acts of religion? (CCC 1969) The New Law practices the acts of religion - almsgiving, prayer and fasting - by directing them to the Father who sees in secret.

2015. Where is the entire New Law contained? (CCC 1970) The entire New Law is contained in the “new commandment” of Christ, to love one another as he has loved us.

2016. What are the four most important moral catechesis in the letters of St Paul? (CCC 1971) The four most important catechesis in the letters of St Paul are:
1. Romans 12-15
2. 1 Corinthians 12-13
3. Colossians 3-4
4. Ephesians 4-5.

2017. Why is the New Law called a law of love? (CCC 1972) The New Law is called a law of love, because it makes us act out of the love infused by the Holy Spirit rather than from fear.

2018. Why is the New Law called a law of grace? (CCC 1972) The New Law is called a law of grace, because it confers the strength of grace to act, by means of faith and the sacraments.

2019. Why is the New Law called a law of freedom? (CCC 1972) The New Law is called a law of freedom, because it sets us free from the ritual and juridical observances of the Old Law.

2020. What is the difference between God’s precepts and the evangelical counsels? (CCC 1973) The difference between God’s precepts and the evangelical counsels is that God’s precepts are intended to remove whatever is incompatible with charity, while the evangelical counsels aim at removing whatever might hinder the development of charity, even if it is not contrary to it.